Poupança do Governo (Sg)
= II + ID + ORG – trans – sub – G
Poupança Externa (Sext)
= (-) TC
Poupança interna ou poupança bruta
= SP + SG
Investimento (I)
= FBKF + ΔE
Investimento líquido (IL)
= IB – dep
CFINAL
= C + G
AI
= C + I + G
AI: se X > M
DA > AI
AI: se X < M
DA < AI
Identidade Fundamental
Produto=Renda=Despesa
Investimento
= Poupança
Interno
= Nacional + RLEE
Líquido
= Bruto – depreciação
Preços de mercado
= custos de fatores + II – Sub
Renda nacional
= RNLCF = salários + juros + lucros + aluguéis
Renda interna
= RILCF
Renda nacional bruta
= RNBPM
Renda interna bruta
= RIBPM
DIB
= PIB = RIB = PIBPM
Déficit Público (DP)
= (IG – SG) = (SP – IP) + SEXT
SEXT
= (M – X) + RLEE +/- TU
Ótica do produto
PIBCF = VBP – CI
Ótica da renda
RNLCF = w + l + j + a
Ótica da despesa
DA = PIBPM = C + I + G + X – M
(O gasto do governo (G) com salários de servidores e pensionista não entra no computo da despesa agregada do país. )
FBKF + ΔE
= SP + SG + SEXT
EOB + RMB
= PIBPM – RE – Imp s/ produção e imp + Sub à produção
PIBPM (ótica da renda) – equação completa
= (salários + juros líquidos pagos a indivíduos + lucros distribuídos a indivíduos + lucros retidos + aluguéis pagos a indivíduos) + (RLEE) + (depreciação) + (impostos indiretos – subsídios) + (impostos diretos sobre as empresas – transferências às empresas) + (ORG)
Renda nacional disponível bruta (RNDB )
= Renda disponível bruta = RNBPM +/- transferências correntes do resto do mundo = RNLcf + dep + II – Subs +/- transferências correntes do resto do mundo
Renda pessoal disponível (RPD)
= Renda nacional (RNLCF) – impostos diretos – lucros retidos + transferências às pessoas
Poupança bruta (poupança interna)
= RNDB – CFINAL
Carga tributária bruta
= (II + ID) / PIBpm
Carga tributária líquida
= (II + ID- Subs – Trans) / PIBpm
Para IBGE, II =
Impostos sobre produtos = Imposto de importação + demais impostos sobre produto
Outras receitas do governo (ORG)
obtidas a partir da exploração do patrimônio público (dividendos das empresas públicas, rendas de aluguéis)
Pagamento de juros da dívida externa
reduz ORG
Paramento de juros da dívida interna
considera como transferências
Renda Líquida do Governo (RLG)
= ID + II + ORG -Trans – Sub
Governo pode ser deficitário em seu orçamento e apresentar poupança positiva. Porquê?
Isso pode acontecer porque o conceito de poupança do governo não inclui as despesas de capital (investimentos/obras)
Capacidade de financiamento
S > I
Necessidade de financiamento
S < I
O déficit público é financiado em parte pelo déficit do balanço de pagamentos em transações correntes?
VERDADEIRO
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