Fórmulas

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Poupança do Governo (Sg)

= II + ID + ORG – trans – sub – G

Poupança Externa (Sext)

= (-) TC

Poupança interna ou poupança bruta

= SP + SG

Investimento (I)

= FBKF + ΔE

Investimento líquido (IL)

= IB – dep

CFINAL

= C + G

AI

= C + I + G

AI: se X > M

DA > AI

AI: se X < M

DA < AI

Identidade Fundamental

Produto=Renda=Despesa

Investimento

= Poupança

Interno

= Nacional + RLEE

Líquido

= Bruto – depreciação

Preços de mercado

= custos de fatores + II – Sub

Renda nacional

= RNLCF = salários + juros + lucros + aluguéis

Renda interna

= RILCF

Renda nacional bruta

= RNBPM

Renda interna bruta

= RIBPM

DIB

= PIB = RIB = PIBPM

Déficit Público (DP)

= (IG – SG) = (SP – IP) + SEXT

SEXT

= (M – X) + RLEE +/- TU

Ótica do produto

PIBCF = VBP – CI

Ótica da renda

RNLCF = w + l + j + a

Ótica da despesa

DA = PIBPM = C + I + G + X – M

(O gasto do governo (G) com salários de servidores e pensionista não entra no computo da despesa agregada do país. )

FBKF + ΔE

= SP + SG + SEXT

EOB + RMB

= PIBPM – RE – Imp s/ produção e imp + Sub à produção

PIBPM (ótica da renda) – equação completa

= (salários + juros líquidos pagos a indivíduos + lucros distribuídos a indivíduos + lucros retidos + aluguéis pagos a indivíduos) + (RLEE) + (depreciação) + (impostos indiretos – subsídios) + (impostos diretos sobre as empresas – transferências às empresas) + (ORG)

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Renda nacional disponível bruta (RNDB )

= Renda disponível bruta = RNBPM +/- transferências correntes do resto do mundo = RNLcf + dep + II – Subs +/- transferências correntes do resto do mundo

Renda pessoal disponível (RPD)

= Renda nacional (RNLCF) – impostos diretos – lucros retidos + transferências às pessoas

Poupança bruta (poupança interna)

= RNDB – CFINAL

Carga tributária bruta

= (II + ID) / PIBpm

Carga tributária líquida

= (II + ID- Subs – Trans) / PIBpm

Para IBGE, II =

Impostos sobre produtos = Imposto de importação + demais impostos sobre produto

Outras receitas do governo (ORG)

obtidas a partir da exploração do patrimônio público (dividendos das empresas públicas, rendas de aluguéis)

Pagamento de juros da dívida externa

reduz ORG

Paramento de juros da dívida interna

considera como transferências

Renda Líquida do Governo (RLG)

= ID + II + ORG -Trans – Sub

Governo pode ser deficitário em seu orçamento e apresentar poupança positiva. Porquê?

Isso pode acontecer porque o conceito de poupança do governo não inclui as despesas de capital (investimentos/obras)

Capacidade de financiamento

S > I

Necessidade de financiamento

S < I

O déficit público é financiado em parte pelo déficit do balanço de pagamentos em transações correntes?

VERDADEIRO

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