QUESTÃO CERTA: Lei Municipal é aprovada concedendo a revisão geral anual, prevista na Constituição Federal, para todos os servidores públicos do Município de Cotia. O Prefeito Municipal, no entanto, somente efetiva o aumento salarial para os servidores que são filiados ao partido político ao qual pertence. Como o ato administrativo possui vários elementos, é correto afirmar que, nesse caso hipotético, o vício desse ato recai sobre: a finalidade.
Lei 4717:
Parágrafo único. Para a conceituação dos casos de nulidade observar-se-ão as seguintes normas:
e) o desvio de finalidade se verifica quando o agente pratica o ato visando a fim diverso daquele previsto, explícita ou implicitamente, na regra de competência.
Segundo a Constituição Federal é de iniciativa privativa do Chefe do Executivo leis que disponham sobre aumento de remuneração – está aí a regra de competência.
Ocorre que o Prefeito, dentro da sua competência de concessão de aumento, cometeu desvio de finalidade, visto que a finalidade sempre fora conceder, por meio de lei de sua autoria, aumento a todos indiscriminadamente e, por ato voluntário e consciente, praticou fim diverso daquele previsto na Constituição – beneficiando os seus correligionários, quando o benefício deve ser, na verdade, de todos.
A) a finalidade = para quê? Beneficiar a todos / boas práticas de gestão de pessoas (não atendido, apenas parte recebeu)
B) a forma = como? Projeto e lei do chefe do executivo enviado ao legislativo (foi atendido)
C) o motivo = por quê? 10 an os sem aumento (foi atendido)
D) o objeto = o quê? Concessão de aumento salarial (foi concedido)
E) competência = a quem cabe? Chefe do executivo (foi atendido)
QUESTÃO CERTA: O desvio de finalidade do ato administrativo verifica-se quando o agente pratica o ato visando a fim diverso daquele previsto, explícita ou implicitamente, na regra de competência.
QUESTÃO CERTA: A finalidade reflete o fim mediato dos atos administrativos, enquanto o objeto, o fim imediato, ou seja, o resultado prático que deve ser alcançado.
QUESTÃO CERTA: Os princípios da legalidade e da finalidade, que norteiam os processos administrativos federais, estão intimamente ligados, uma vez que a finalidade de qualquer ato deve estar prevista explícita ou implicitamente na lei.
A Lei 9.784 rotula a finalidade como princípio.
Para Celso Antônio Bandeira de Mello, a Finalidade é inerente ao Princípio da Legalidade: “…o princípio da finalidade não é uma decorrência do princípio da legalidade. É mais que isto: é uma inerência dele; está nele contido; pois corresponde à aplicação da lei tal qual é;…” Curso de Direito Administrativo, 29ª edição, p. 109.
Para Hely lopes Meirelles, a Finalidade é sinônimo de impessoalidade. Direito administrativo brasileiro, p. 89.
FINALIDADE + LEGALIDADE = PRINCIPIO DA JURIDICIDADE (OU LEGALIDADE EM SENTIDO AMPLO).
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