CP:
Extorsão
Art. 158 – Constranger alguém, mediante violência ou grave ameaça, e com o intuito de obter para si ou para outrem indevida vantagem econômica, a fazer, tolerar que se faça ou deixar de fazer alguma coisa:
Pena – reclusão, de quatro a dez anos, e multa.
§ 1º – Se o crime é cometido por duas ou mais pessoas, ou com emprego de arma, aumenta-se a pena de um terço até metade.
§ 2º – Aplica-se à extorsão praticada mediante violência o disposto no § 3º do artigo anterior.
§ 3o Se o crime é cometido mediante a restrição da liberdade da vítima, e essa condição é necessária para a obtenção da vantagem econômica, a pena é de reclusão, de 6 (seis) a 12 (doze) anos, além da multa; se resulta lesão corporal grave ou morte, aplicam-se as penas previstas no art. 159, §§ 2o e 3o, respectivamente.
Extorsão mediante sequestro
Art. 159 – Sequestrar pessoa com o fim de obter, para si ou para outrem, qualquer vantagem, como condição ou preço do resgate:
Pena – reclusão, de oito a quinze anos.
§ 1o Se o sequestro dura mais de 24 (vinte e quatro) horas, se o sequestrado é menor de 18 (dezoito) ou maior de 60 (sessenta) anos, ou se o crime é cometido por bando ou quadrilha.
Pena – reclusão, de doze a vinte anos.
§ 2º – Se do fato resulta lesão corporal de natureza grave:
Pena – reclusão, de dezesseis a vinte e quatro anos.
§ 3º – Se resulta a morte:
Pena – reclusão, de vinte e quatro a trinta anos.
§ 4º – Se o crime é cometido em concurso, o concorrente que o denunciar à autoridade, facilitando a libertação do sequestrado, terá sua pena reduzida de um a dois terços.
Extorsão indireta
Art. 160 – Exigir ou receber, como garantia de dívida, abusando da situação de alguém, documento que pode dar causa a procedimento criminal contra a vítima ou contra terceiro:
Pena – reclusão, de um a três anos, e multa.
No delito de roubo, a vítima não precisa fazer nada, pois tanto faz se o agente pega o bem ou se a vítima o entrega. Há o crime do mesmo jeito.
Na extorsão, a vítima deve praticar um comportamento (fazer, tolerar ou deixar de fazer algo).
CEBRASPE (2017):
QUESTÃO ERRADA: A extorsão é crime material, e a sua consumação exige a concretização da vantagem econômica exigida pelo agente.
> A extorsão é um crime formal, ou seja, de consumação ANTECIPADA. Não precisa que o agente obtenha a vantagem para se configurar o crime.
CEBRASPE (2015):
QUESTÃO CERTA: Cometerá o crime de extorsão o servidor público que, em razão do cargo e mediante grave ameaça, exigir para si vantagem econômica.
–Exigir (sem violência): Concussão
–Exigir (mediante violência): Extorsão
CEBRASPE (2022):
QUESTÃO ERRADA: Valdo está sendo investigado pelo crime de extorsão, em liberdade. Há indícios de que agiu com um comparsa. Nessa situação hipotética, em tese: para a instauração do inquérito policial, é necessária representação da vítima de extorsão.
O crime de extorsão, art. 158 do CP, é crime de ação pública incondicionada, dispensando representação do ofendido, e não se aplicando a este, por expressa previsão do art. 183, a excepcionalidade de representação prevista no art. 182.
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