O Que É Exasperação? (Exemplos)

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Exasperação, em processo penal, é um sistema de aplicação de duas ou mais penas em que aplica-se a pena a mais grave acrescida de um valor entre um sexto à metade (116,6% a 150%). Aplica-se apenas quando os crimes forem resultado de uma única ação ou omissão.

QUESTÃO ERRADA: Consoante a jurisprudência do STJ, é devida a exasperação da pena acima do patamar mínimo com esteio unicamente na alusão ao número de majorantes do delito de roubo.

STJ: 2. No caso em apreço, existe manifesta ilegalidade, pois em se tratando de roubo com a presença de mais de uma causa de aumento, a majoração da pena acima do mínimo legal – 1/3 (um terço) – requer devida fundamentação, com referência a circunstâncias concretas que justifiquem um acréscimo mais expressivo, não sendo suficiente a simples menção ao número de causas de aumento de pena presentes no caso em análise. Súmula n.º 443 desta Corte. (HC 323622). 

Súmula 443 STJ: O aumento na terceira fase de aplicação da pena no crime de roubo circunstanciado exige fundamentação concreta, não sendo suficiente para a sua exasperação a mera indicação do número de majorantes.

QUESTÃO ERRADA Em se tratando do crime de roubo, comprovada a existência de causas de aumento de pena, é suficiente que o juiz, ao concluir, aponte o número de majorantes que embasaram a aplicação da pena acima do patamar mínimo.

ERRADA. Súmula 443, STJ: “O aumento na terceira fase de aplicação da pena no crime de roubo circunstanciado exige fundamentação concreta, não sendo suficiente para a sua exasperação a mera indicação do número de majorantes”

QUESTÃO ERRADA: O número de majorantes referentes ao delito de roubo circunstanciado pode ser utilizado como critério para a exasperação da fração incidente pela causa de aumento da pena.

Trata-se de uma súmula do STJ e de posicionamento pacífico do TJDFT:

“O número de majorantes no crime de roubo, por si só, não autoriza o aumento da pena em fração superior a 1/3 na terceira fase da dosimetria, sendo necessária fundamentação concreta para tanto (Súmula 443 do STJ).”

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Acórdãos do TJDFT:

Acórdão 898885, Unânime, Relator: SANDOVAL OLIVEIRA, 3ª Turma Criminal, Data de Julgamento: 08/10/2015.

Acórdão 897804, Unânime, Relator: SOUZA E AVILA, 2ª Turma Criminal, Data de Julgamento: 01/10/2015;

Acórdão 889049, Unânime, Relator: JESUINO RISSATO, 3ª Turma Criminal, Data de Julgamento: 20/08/2015;

Acórdão 888054, Unânime, Relator: CESAR LABOISSIERE LOYOLA, 2ª Turma Criminal, Data de Julgamento: 13/08/2015.

QUESTÃO CERTA: Havendo concurso formal de delitos, em que o agente, mediante uma só ação ou omissão, pratica dois ou mais crimes, idênticos ou não, aplicar-se-á a pena privativa de liberdade mais grave, ou, se as penas forem iguais, aplicar-se-á apenas uma delas, majorada, em qualquer caso, de um sexto até metade, sem prejuízo de eventual cumulação de penas, nas situações em que a ação ou a omissão for dolosa, e os crimes resultarem de desígnios autônomos.

CERTO. No concurso formal de crimes, aplica-se o critério da EXASPERACAO DA PENA, razão pela qual, se as penas forem idênticas, aplicar-se-á apenas uma delas, e se distintas, aplicar-se-á a pena mais grave, e em ambos os casos, a pena será aumentada de 1/6 ATÉ A METADE. No entanto, se ficar evidenciado que houve o concurso formal impróprio, mas com desígnios autônomos, isto é, com o dolo de praticar cada um dos delitos, o juiz somará todas as penas (Critério do cúmulo material)

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